Examine immunosignature and paths of the adjoining greens Diffuse diffuse large B cell lymphoma

DLBCL included various subtypes and molecular variants that showed heterocygotes properties and clinical behaviors. The main sub-type of DLBCL included activated B-cell-like (ABC) DLBCL, germ center B-cell-like DLBCL, primary mediastinal's large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) and other type-specific types. Together with the progress of DLBLC, several functional disorders in the immune system were observed, such as impaired immune monitoring, chronic inflammation and cell interactions in the tumor micro environment.

DLBCL typically set up with enlarged lymph nodes, often on the neck, in the armpit, in the groin regions, in the stomach intestine tract, in the central nervous system or in other organs. In patients, symptoms such as fatigue, night sweat, unexplained weight loss, fever and generalized symptoms of a lymphoma can occur. Risk factors of DLBCL, such as age (older people), immune deficiency (such as HIV/AIDS or post-transplanted immunosuppression), autoimmune diseases, Epstein-Barr virus and history of other lymphomas were reported.

The standard treatment for DLBCL was R-Chop, in which a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy included, included rituximab (an anti-CD20 antibody), cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristin and prednison. This approach showed high response rates and improved survival results. In addition to CD20, CD30-star-antibody drug conjugate, which Brentuximab Vedotin called Brentuximab-Vedotin showed, also showed promising results in patients with recurrent or refractory DLBCL. Other targeted therapies such as Lenalidomide and Ibrutinib have been examined in clinical studies. The therapy of the chimeric antigen receptor (car) t cell therapy, which modified the patient's T cells to express a car that recognizes and aims CD19, pointed complete remissions in recurrent or not other treatment patients.

NKT cell, expresses the properties of both T cells and natural killer cells, conveyed the tumor immune monitoring. Li et al. First carried out in-vitro studies to examine the NKT cell reactions on human B cell lymphomines⁹. In the case of treated mice, IFN-γ in type produce and played an immunegulative role in the NK and CD8+ T cell populations by inducing cytokin production.

The complex network known as a tumor micro environment (TME) consists of various cellular and non -cellular components that form a physical barrier that surrounds tumor cells¹⁰. Recent studies have increasingly emphasized the active roles of TME components when initiating and maintaining carcinogenesis and questioning the idea that they are mere viewers¹¹. The TME plays a decisive role in several biological processes, including pathogenesis, progression, metastasis and drug resistance by facilitating persistent proliferation and immune instructions¹². In view of the limited effectiveness of standard therapies in certain patients, researchers have examined TME-based treatments as novel strategies to create an immunogenic environment and to improve drug levy, which ultimately improves the response rates of patients. Evesting evidence suggests that the composition of the TME is central to understanding the pathogenesis of the lymphoma and at the same time offers new ways for targeted therapies and prediction of tumor forecasts.

The tumor micro environment (TME) can be divided into two different components: the immune micro environment, which mainly consists of immune cells¹³. Within the immune micro environment, various cells such as T- and B lymphocytes, tumor-associated macrophages (tams), myeloid suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANS), natural killers (NK), dendritic cells (DCS) and Others contribute to the creation of an immunosuppressant Micro environment and help to expand the immune responses.¹⁴. These TME cells have different biomarkers and fulfill different roles in the formation of tumor and prognosis of the B cell lymphoma.

More and more evidence that indicates NKT cells played a crucial role of the immune system in the development and result of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as well as other B cell lymphomas and solid cancer. The properties of the tumor micro environment (TME) vary between different lymphoma types¹⁵. In DLBCL, disturbed communication between lymphoma cells and the micro environment to avoid lymphoma cells, the monitoring of the immune system. Immune escape mechanisms in DLBCL include: (1) Change of immune recognition by reducing or loss of identification molecules, (2) Suppression of the antitum peat function of the immune system and (3) a micro environment that supports the growth of lymphoma cells. The change in immune recognition plays an important role in the development and progression of DLBCL from DLBCL and leads to an active examination of its molecular foundations.